生物化工专题数据库-----无机非金属材料   [篇名] W/O微乳液技术与纳米粒子的控制合成 [著者] 潘海敏；杨伯伦 [机构] 西安交通大学化工系，陕西 西安 710049 [中文关键词] 微乳液；合成；纳米粒子 [外文关键词] microemulsion;synthesis;namoparticle [分类号] TQ316 [刊名] 化学世界 [出版时间] 2005年1月 [来源] VOL46,NO.1._54-57 [中文摘要] 分析了W/O微乳液的形成机理、结构特征以及用W/O微乳液法合成纳米粒子的基本原理。讨论了制备条件如水与表面活性剂的比值，反应物、表面活性剂、助表面活性剂的浓度以及配烧条件对纳米粒子的特征的影响。指出应该加强对纳米粒子生成反应动力学的研究，加强微乳液法与其它纳米粒子制备技术的耦合研究，并注意改善非极性溶剂和表面活性剂的回收率以降低制备成本。 [外文摘要] The forming mechanism and structure features of W/O microemulsion are introduced. The principle of preparing namoparticles from microemulsion is discussed.The effect of preparing conditions including the mole ratio of water and surfactant,concentration of reactant,surfactant,assist surfactant,ans calcining temperature on the characteristics of namoparticles produced is described in detail.It is pointed out that to couple the W/O microemulsion route with the other namoparticl preparing methods,such as homogeneous precipitation and Sol-gel methods is a promising approsch.It is also suggested that the study on the dynamics of nanopartcle preparing reaction should be strengthened and the recycle efficiency od the non-polar solvent and the surfactant shoule be improved to lower the cost of raw materials.